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Florence M. Rice is an American Harlem-based consumer advocate, social justice activist most of her adult life. She is a nonagenarian activist, and the founder of the Harlem Consumer Education Council. She has been called "the Ralph Nader of Harlem".〔 Ms. Rice is also known as the mother of the Harlem Consumer Movement. ==Early life== Florence M. Rice was born in Buffalo, New York on March 22, 1919. She spent many years in the Colored Orphan Asylum, and in several foster homes in New York. The Colored Orphan Asylum was founded by Anna Shotwell and Mary Murray. They were Quakers. It was one of the first charitable institutions in the United States that was dedicated to children, and to provide for “children of color”. The Colored Orphanage Asylum continued its charitable work, as a refuge for Black children into the twentieth century. During the turn of the twentieth century, the Colored Orphan Asylum was still a well known charitable institution. The orphanage had numerous advocates to champion its cause; such notables as the Astor family, Vanderbilt family, the Murrays, Harriet Tubman, and Frederick Douglass. As the United States of America entered World War II, the orphanage was renamed the Riverdale Children’s Association, and moved to Riverdale on the Hudson River in New York. The orphanage continued to have support from publicly well-known individuals such as; Eleanor Roosevelt who served on the Endorsement Committee, Orson Wells, Oscar Hammerstein II, Lena Horne, Joe Louis, Paul Robeson, Marian Anderson, Fiorello LaGuardia, and numerous others. They gave generously of their time, talents, and resources. When President Harry S. Truman entered his second term as President of the U.S., over 8,500 people all across America were contributors.〔() 〕 Florence M. Rice is the founder of the Harlem Consumer Education Council, Inc., which was founded in the 1960s. It is a private, non-profit, consumer advocacy organization. It was established to address issues of poverty, neglect, and exploitation confronting poor and low income citizens in New York City's Harlem community. Ms. Rice was an early champion for abortion rights for women. Ms. Rice spoke out openly about her life in the 1930s, as a young woman working at a laundry in Harlem, and having an illegal abortion. In 1969, Ms. Rice joined other out spoken women in speaking openly about their illegal abortion experiences. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Florence M. Rice」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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